Political Divisions Mark Spain's 47th Constitution Day Amid Calls for Unity

Spain commemorated the 47th anniversary of its 1978 Constitution on December 6, 2025, amid pronounced political tensions and divergent narratives among key political figures. The formal event at the Congress of Deputies was underscored by deep divisions as Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez defended the Constitution and the welfare state, while Alberto Núñez Feijóo, leader of the opposition People's Party (PP), accused the government of undermining constitutional principles.

The ceremony began with the raising of the national flag and readings from the Constitution by European primary school students. Congress President Francina Armengol reflected on the importance of consensus during Spain's Transition and warned against "totalitarian" tendencies threatening public achievements like healthcare and education. Sánchez emphasized safeguarding Article 43, which guarantees public healthcare, dismissing claims of authoritarian drifts as nostalgia for dictatorship eras. In stark contrast, Feijóo stated the government has been the "most significant attacker" of the Constitution in nearly five decades, accusing it of compromising the separation of powers and equality before the law. He reaffirmed the PP's commitment to constitutional defense and suggested introducing education on constitutional principles.

The event featured high-profile absences, including over two-thirds of regional presidents, with Catalan president Salvador Illa notably missing, reflecting regional discontent. Various nationalist parties, including Vox, boycotted the celebrations over disputes with the government’s legitimacy. Vice President Yolanda Díaz hinted at the potential return of former Catalan president Carles Puigdemont in early 2026, adding to political complexities. The celebration combined traditional elements such as a military parade and speeches championing democracy and unity.

Region of Murcia President Fernando López Miras highlighted the Constitution's role in Spain's social and economic transformation over 47 years and urged youth to continue defending democracy and freedom, characterizing Murcia as emblematic of Spain's hardworking identity.

Despite the celebratory tone, the ongoing political fracture was palpable, underscored by the absence of key regional leaders and starkly opposing interpretations of the Constitution's current role in Spain’s democracy. The day concluded with cultural presentations and receptions, leaving clear that the Constitution remains both a foundation and a point of political contention in Spain’s modern landscape.