Spain Advances Public Health Strategy in 2025 with AESAP and Expanded Vaccination Programs

In 2025, Spain undertook significant strides in public health legislation and strategy, notably establishing the Agencia Estatal de Salud Pública (AESAP) on July 22 to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and emergency response. However, the AESAP’s operational launch has been delayed, with the agency's seat still undecided by late 2025. Political tensions have emerged over the agency’s independence and its ties with the pharmaceutical sector, drawing criticism from opposition parties such as the PP.

The Ministry of Health introduced a national Plan for Preparedness and Response to Serious Health Threats, though it faced backlash due to the absence of a legislative 'Pandemic Law' that would provide legal clarity. Additionally, a global treaty on pandemics was created among WHO member states to enhance equitable access to vaccines and treatments.

In a coordinated effort between state and regional authorities, Spain reached an agreement for a common plan addressing influenza and acute respiratory infections. This included a notable expansion of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (VRS) vaccination program for infants and vulnerable adults, marking a pivotal enhancement in preventive care.

Furthermore, following the identification of flaws in cancer screening programs, political consensus was achieved to improve early detection through better data sharing among regions. Collectively, these measures underscore Spain’s commitment to developing a more resilient and cohesive public health infrastructure in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic challenges.